Friday, January 31, 2020

Hyperthyroid and Hypothyroid Disease Essay Example for Free

Hyperthyroid and Hypothyroid Disease Essay Hyperthyroid and Hypothyroid Disease Mischief just seems to follow wherever Dennis appears, but it is the product of good intentions, misdirected helpfulness, good-hearted generosity, and, possibly, an overactive thyroid The Merchant of Dennis the Menace.Hank Ketchum Additionally when comparing Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism, it is useful to consider the symptoms, treatment, and life with the disease. The hidden truth about thyroid disease and what every person should know, how it affects not only the body, but also the affects that these diseases have on mental stability and memory is astounding. What everyone doesn’t know, but should know about these two diseases. Knowing more about the symptoms of thyroid disease is useful knowledge for any one person that has a family member with the disease or has concerns for them. Also thyroid disease can be hereditary, if a family member has the disease it is likely that another member in the family has it or will get it. Uncontrollable weight gain is of the most common symptoms, and most talked about for hypothyroid disease. What they don’t say is that losing the weight is next to impossible, and when the weight gain will stop. As one of the thyroid glands functions is to release hormones in the system to regulate the metabolism, if the metabolism isn’t regulated weight gain is inevitable, amongst this symptom are the uncommon symptoms of intolerance to cold, memory loss, dry skin, and hair loss, with hypothyroid disease the thyroid is no longer producing enough of this hormone for a healthy thyroid gland, compared to hyperthyroid the thyroid gland is over producing hormones, and this leads to uncontrollable weight loss even with a high caloric diet, weight loss will continue. The uncommon symptoms are depression, intolerance to heat, and again hair loss, however with both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid once treated these symptoms will start to lessen under a physician’s care. The treatment for hypothyroidism, depending on the severity of the disease, what form of hypothyroidism is diagnosed will be the deciding factor in how the disease is treated, for most the treatment is a Synthroid medication, how much medication is taken daily will depend on the TSH levels in the blood system, in order to find out what the TSH level is generally a blood test will revile the level, at the same time it will be recommended to continue having regular blood test ran as these levels can change frequently along with the amount of medication, having regular blood work done, along with regular visits to the treating physician will help with maintaining a healthy thyroid gland. However the treatment for hyperthyroid disease is completely different, still blood work will be needed to determine the over activity of the thyroids hormone release, since hyperthyroidism can be cured, furthermore this treatment will depend on the age of the person, their general health, and the condi tion of the thyroid gland. The most common treatment is an anti-hormone medication until the thyroid gland is functioning at normal hormones levels, in the same way treatment will be decided by the attending physician. Living with thyroid disease has its challenges, but is manageable as long as the individual follows the medical advice that has been given to them by their attending physician, although it is recommended to seek out a specialist in this area. Hypothyroid disease will require blood work maintence that should happen at a minimum of every six months to ensure the TSH levels are staying within the required levels, adjustments to the medication may be necessary until the right level is maintained for a minimum of six months or as recommended by the physician. During this time one will be overwhelmingly fatigued, but will get better as time goes on, and the treatment has been successful, there will be days when the body is full of energy on the other hand there will be days that more sleep is required than usual, getting out of bed will be a chore, bones and joints will be constantly sore and painful to the touch, nevertheless it is a manageable disease even though the treatment is time consuming, still it just will take perseverance and patience to make everything fall into place, also changing the daily diet, adding in super foods that can help with the thyroid function, such as eating more fresh fruits, grains, vegetables an d lean proteins in addition to changing regular cooking oil to coconut oil for all cooking that requires cooking oil. Coconut oil is better for thyroid  function, is doesn’t make food taste like coconuts, food won’t have that oil taste, is better for you, and will help elevate the thyroid in a more natural way. Cutting out white foods, such as sugar, white flour, dairy, and caffeine will also help with repairing the function of the thyroid gland. This will be a lifelong change for any individual that develops hypothyroidism since it cannot be reversed. The symptoms can change constantly; any change in the thyroid hormone will create changes in the symptoms for the better or worse, even though cutting out white foods and changing the diet, adding in super foods, medication cannot be skipped as it can have a negative effect on the system. Although living with hyperthyroidism in comparison is completely different, but changes will need to be made in the same way, such as learning to relax, take things in stride, at the same time look into taking up a meditation class, yoga class or get regular massages. Regular exercise is also recommended as doing any one of these daily regimens will help with the healing process of this disease. When the individual follows the treatment plan recommended and maintains a healthy balanced diet, hyperthyroid disease is reversible, and the thyroid will once again be thriving and healthy unlike hypothyroidism which cannot be reversed. Life is manageable with hypothyroid disease or hyperthyroid disease, once you have a clear understanding of the treatment, symptoms and how to live a healthy life with either of these chronic diseases. There is not enough getting done in the research industry to find the key to what is the cause of thyroid disease, and how we can create more viable medications to enhance the patient’s livelihood.

Thursday, January 23, 2020

Apology Essay -- miscellaneous

Apology I apologize for my inappropriate behavior on (what ever date you want here) in the cafeteria. It was very rude for me to laugh while you were speaking, there was no humor in what you had to say. I would also like to apologize to the teachers, I’m very sorry, it will never happen again. My unnecessary behavior as totally unacceptable. This essay taught me to fully respect my teachers, and peers. There is no excuse for why I acted like I did in he cafeteria. I am completely responsible for my own actions. I was in the wrong to laugh while you and the other teachers were speaking. I am completely sorry I learned my lesson and I will never act the way I did towards you and the other teachers ever again. I have decided to write this because I really don’t want to get suspende...

Wednesday, January 15, 2020

Consent searches in the Fourth Amendment Essay

The Fourth Amendment provides provisions that protect citizens from searches and seizures that are unreasonable. However, the individuals may waive their rights by consenting to searches. This essay is aimed at listing (Zalman, 2010), describing and explaining the rules regarding consent searches and providing a case study to illustrate the rules. When the court is called up on to determine whether consent was given for a search, it puts into consideration several issues. The first is that it considers the age, background and mental capacity of the subject. When the officer is seeking consent from the subject, he or she should not show weapons as that is considered to be coercive. In short, the officer should not use aggression to get the consent (Stephens & Glenn, 2006). The other rule is founded in the case Monroe v. Pape (1961) and which is based on the time the consent is sought. The rule requires officers to desist from seeking consents at night. Attempting to conduct a search at night is seen as evil and in a most obnoxious form (Zalman, 2010). Conclusion In conclusion, the law provides a waiver for the rights of protection from searches and seizures and the Fourth Amendment. However, the rules that govern such a waiver are so strict such that, an officer may find himself in breach easily if care is not exercised. These rules cover issues such as the mental capacity, age, time of getting the consent and the manner of soliciting such consent. As mentioned, care has to be exercised or otherwise the search constitutes a breach. References Zalman, M. (2010). Criminal Procedure : Constitution and Society, Sixth Edition. Prentice Hall.Hess, K. Orthman, C. H., & Cho, H. (2014). Introduction to Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. Cengage Learning. Top of Form Stephens, O. H., & Glenn, R. A. (2006). Unreasonable searches and seizures: Rights and liberties under the law. Santa Barbara, Calif. [u.a.: ABC-Clio. Bottom of Form Source document

Tuesday, January 7, 2020

Course Works on Terrorism and International Crime

The increased rate of terrorism in the world in the 21st century has not only threatened the world but shaken it. The terrorist attacks have continued to cause untold suffering to innocent people besides destabilizing legitimately elected governments. Economic growth and development in a country thrives, and blossoms in a very peaceful environment. The United States of America has had the worst experience involving the terrorist attacks. The U.S Marine Corps were bombed in 1983 by a suicide bomber who rammed an explosive laded truck in the barracks. The prominent organizations in the world that runs the terrorism activities include Al-Qaida, Al-jihad, Al-umma and Harrakat. The most notable is the al-Qaida movement. These organizations need financial resources to execute criminal activities. They work with informal value transfer system (IVTS). This network runs alternative banking services outside the banking environment. The Al-Qaida has been using IVTS to run terrorism in countries like India, Kenya, Tanzania, and United States of America. In most cases, money launders have been pursued and impounded by powerful security units like Department of Homeland Security. During the early stages of their arrest, the culprits usually express the desire to cooperate with the United States of America but some law enforcement officers in the countries where these (IVTS) operates are corrupt and, therefore, they may not assist, (Madinger 2006:23-25). The unreliability of local law enforcement officers, and continued threats of terrorist attacks prompted the U.S government to work with ,the international community to curb criminal usage of Informal Value transfer service by putting in place necessary measures to fight money laundering internationally. There are three crucial statutes in the United States that are used to fight money laundering namely: The Bank Secrecy Act of 1970, the Money Laundering Control Act of 1986, and the   USA Patriotic Act of 2001. The Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 requires that all banks help the U.S. government agencies to unravel and stop illegal money transfer. The act further demands all the institutions that deal with banking services, to have updated financial records involving purchases of negotiable tools and reports of negotiable tools transaction amounting to $10,000 0r more. Besides they should report any suspicious action that may amount to money laundering, tax evasion or any other criminal activity. The Suspicious Act Report should be filled in cases involving cash transactions where the customer tries to avoid Banking Secrecy Act guidelines. The customer should not be informed that the SAR is being filled. The financial institutions that contravene the provision of this statute risk facing severe penalties including extremely high fines alongside long life imprisonment if found guilty. (Stephen L, 2003:75-80) The 1986 Money Laundering Control Act (MLCA) criminalizes money laundering emanating from specified illegal activity. The basic intention of the congress was to criminalize the intent to hide the existence of money laundering and use of income illegally by portraying that income to appear as though legally acceptable. The MLCA further aimed at stopping the flow of illegal profits back to the criminal gangs, where they are in need of financial resources, to expand their criminal activities. The USA Patriot Act was passed in 2001. It is an off shoot of September 11 terrorist attacks. It is intended to oversee stop, detect and prosecute international money launders financial aiders to terrorism. The provisions of chapter basically deal with strengthening banking rules against illicit money transportation. The statute further expands communication between the law enforcement agents and the banks. The final clause outlines severe penalty on anybody found guilty of involving in currency smuggling and counterfeiting of foreign currency. Asset forfeiture is possibly the most effective way to fight money laundering and terrorist financing. The main objective is the government to snatch assets from money launderers and other criminals. All the nations that take part in this process with the U.S they share the proceeds from this enterprise. So far $228 has been shared to thirty five countries that assisted the U.S in asset forfeiture. Through asset sharing international forfeiture cooperation has been enhanced in disregard of the country enforcing the policy. The war against terrorism and money laundering cannot be fought by the U.S government. It’s, therefore, important to have international cooperation against the pandemic. Although, there are disparities in legal and financial systems around the world it should not be a limitation. The international cooperation has so far succeeded in preventing some criminal offences for example combating drug trafficking. The terrorist movements have their networks all over the world. They form organizations under different names depending on where they are found. The most known is the Al-Qaida movement of Afghanistan. Besides al-Qaida, there are many other movements in the world namely: Armed Islamic Group (GIA) in Algeria, Khmer Rouge/The Party of Democratic Kampuchea in Colombia, Al-Jihad a.k.a. in Egypt Islamic Jihad, Jihad Group and Islamic Jihad in Georgia. (Robert Taylor 2002:200-230) Terrorist organization require a lot of money to organize, recruit equip members. Terrorist financiers carry out their duties so easily in countries with mechanisms that enable them to hide their efforts without difficult. The funds that support terrorist activities may come from illegal sources, fake goods, contraband cigarettes and illegal drugs and substances. The war against money laundering and terrorism is Avery difficult one. Therefore, there is no country in the world that can fight terrorism alone.The international community should supplement the efforts being done by the U.s in fighting terrorism because it’s only through, cooperation that a complex network of terrorism can be suppressed. The international community should not condone any action or behavior related to money laundering and terrorism because terrorism is a threat to economic development due to uncertainties posed by regular attack threats. Work cited: 1. John Madinger (2006): A guide for criminal investigators. Publisher Aspen. 2. Stephen Levy (2003): Federal money laundering regulation: banking corporate and securities compliance. Publisher Aspen. 3. Robert Taylor (2002), The history of terrorism. Lucent Books.

Monday, December 30, 2019

Notes On Parlez Vous Francais - 1289 Words

Parlez-vous Franà §ais ? â€Å"Vous aimeriez prendre le voiture?† the shuttle driver asks my family as we stand impatiently in the spot where the hotel shuttle was supposed to pick us up a good half hour ago. My dad doesn’t speak any French, but he takes charge and nods at the driver as we are guided into the shuttle. It’s been a long day of looping through the ins and outs of â€Å"hidden† parts of Paris (my mom hates tourist attractions) and we sit quietly in the van, admiring the stunning European scenery that flicks past us as the driver recklessly zooms through the streets. Oddly, there are no other cars on the road, and the driver takes full advantage of it as he swerves and makes sharp turns, every sudden step on the brakes jolting us awake from our half-asleep countenances. Our colossal van keeps along its manic path alone in the street until another car, this car being a small taxi that made our vehicle look even more gigantic, catches up to us a nd begins to pull ahead. Our driver’s stereotypical French disposition makes him extremely susceptible to competition, and he won’t have any car cutting him off, much less a tiny taxi. Before we knew it, the drivers were playing an intense game of seeing who could be in the lead, doing crazy stunts to surpass the other car. They’d drive on the grass rather than the road to cut in front of each other, and act as if they were about to scrape the other’s car as a way to get into the front. By this point, the taxi driver has had enough.Show MoreRelatedThe Art Of Medicine : Healing And The Limits Of Technology Essay2605 Words   |  11 Pagesall smooth sailings though. Our first interaction went something like this: â€Å"Where is Johnathan, is he here yet?† I get up from my chair outside his office, â€Å"Yes sir, it’s very good to meet you.† We shake hands. I hear you’re from Ottawa. Parlez-vous franà §ais?† â€Å"Um, yes sir, but no, I don’t speak French†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Mind you, that I never learned French having been raised in Jamaica and didn’t really see the use for it in Toronto. â€Å"What? Are you sure you’re from Ottawa?† Shut down right off the bat. Why was

Saturday, December 21, 2019

The Food Crisis And How The Mexican Tortilla Crisis Essay

Carlsen, Laura C. Behind Latin American s Food Crisis. World Press, May 1, 2008. This article helped explain the 2007 food crisis and how the Mexican tortilla crisis arose. Some of the factors that contributed to it, a lot of which goes back to NAFTA. Also began to highlight that Mexico has a strong production of corn, which trigged why is it importing so much. Floundering in a Tariff-free Landscape. The Economist. November 30, 2002. Acc essed September 25, 2015. This article was wriiten almost 10 years into NAFTA, in which it was warning Mexico that the end of the tariff quotas it had against corn importation were soon to expire and by then the United States would be allowed to dump all it corn into Mexico. By 2008 is when the last tariffs would be stripped from the agreement. There were observers of what could potentially go wrong once the tariffs ended. Keleman, Alder, Hugo Garcia Raà ±Ãƒ ³, and Jon Hellin. Maize Diversity, Poverty, and Market Access: Lessons from Mexico. 19, no. No.2 (2009): 187-99. Accessed December 18, 2015. This paper went into good detail on how corn is consumed in Mexico. How vital it is to Mexico and the challenges that the corn is suffering from continuing its sovereignty. Also how patent seeds are challenging the whole notion of peasant farming and some of the potential consequences there could be if companies like Monsanto expand. This article was helpful in understand the importance of owning the seeds is to the whole nation of aShow MoreRelatedFood Injustice : A Cultural Issue Essay2172 Words   |  9 PagesFood Injustice: A Cultural Issue Ever since I was born culture has played an important role in just about every aspect of my life. One important aspect of my life which has specifically been influenced by culture is food, especially having grown up in a predominantly Hispanic family where food is at the center of life. Yet, it was not until my English class focused on food injustice that I began to realize the magnitude of culture s impact on food. Without even meaning to I began to draw comparisonsRead MoreHow Walmart Entered the International Market2036 Words   |  9 PagesWal-Mart entered the Mexican market in 1991 and hasn’t looked back. Using a form of globalization called glocalization, Wal-Mart achieved tremendous success in Mexico. The perception of Wal-Mart globally is less than stellar because of what has been coined as Wal-Martization. Some have also called Wal-Mart a ‘Cathedral of Consumption.’ But Wal-Mart learned the hard way how to become successful in the global marketpla ce. It didn’t just happen overnight. By utilizing five glocalization strategiesRead MoreEssay about A Personal Trip to Mexico and The Mexican Revolution2895 Words   |  12 PagesThe Mexican Revolution was an attempt to overthrow a dictatorial tyrant, Porfirio Diaz that ruled the country of Mexico for decades. His autonomic attitude and self-centered beliefs eventually angered the people, although he successfully tried and failed to bring to life prosperity to the country as well as strengthen the ties with the United States. As I travel through the country of Mexico battered by hardships and misery, I take notes, write down what I observe over the course of my journeyRead MoreA Brief Note On The North American Free Trade Agreement2311 Words   |  10 Pagesand Fergusson, 2014). Now that the agreement has been in place for over 20 years the results yielded can be clearly discussed. One of the biggest proponents of debate comes from the losses and gains taking place in the work force; more specifically how the agreement has impacted jobs across all three regions. As stated earlier, it has been a fear of many that developing trade relations with developing countries such as Mexico, would cause U.S. job losses and potentially equate to rising unemploymentRead MoreNicaragua Research Paper2693 Words   |  11 Pagesaround late 1400’s and early 1500’s. In 1524 Hernandez de Cordoda was the first Spanish settler to live in the region of Granada on Lake Nicaragua and Leon Managua. Nicaragua gained its independents from Spain in 1821, making the country part of the Mexican Empire and becoming a member of independent Central American. Nicaragua became an independent republic. The west side of the country was colonized by Spain in the 1520’s; it also has aspects of Spanish culture like other Spanish speakingRead MorePestle of Mexico4395 Words   |  18 Pagesindividuals than on programmes for action. And while progress has been made, the Mexican state is still far from comfortable with the concepts of accountability and transparency. Previously the relationship with US was complicated but now the situation has significantly changed, especially after the end of cold war. U.S. successes, especially on the economic front, but also on the political front, obliged Mexicans to examine how their own nationalism was possibly preventing them from seizing opportunitiesRead MorePestle of Mexico4382 Words   |  18 Pagesindividuals than on programmes for action. And while progress has been made, the Mexican state is still far from comfortable with the concepts of accountability and transparency. Previously the relationship with US was complicated but now the situation has significantly changed, especially after the end of cold war. U.S. successes, especially on the economic front, but also on the political front, obliged Mexicans to examine how their own nationalism was possibly preventing them from seizing opportunitiesRead MoreImpacts of Globalisation on Pepsico3862 Words   |  16 Pageswith the Quaker Oats Company, creating the world’s fifth-largest food and Beverage Company. Today PepsiCo is a world leader in convenient snacks, foods and beverages with revenues of more than $60 billion and over 285,000 employees. With headquarters in Purchase, New York, the company consists of Frito-Lay North America, PepsiCo Beverages North America, PepsiCo International, Quaker Foods North America, Pepsi-Cola UK, Walkers snack Foods Limited and Pete amp; Johnny Plc. Their main businesses - Frito-LayRead MoreKfc and Global Fast Food Industry11778 Words   |  48 PagesChicken and the Global Fast-Food Industry Jeffrey A. Krug University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Copyright  © 2001 by Jeffrey A. Krug. Used with permission. Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation (KFC) was the worlds largest chicken restaurant chain and third largest fast-food chain in 2000. KFC had a 55 percent share of the U.S. chicken restaurant market in terms of sales and operated more than 10,800 restaurants in 85 countries. KFC was one of the first fast-food chains to go internationalRead MoreVWT Task 1 1014 Essay5448 Words   |  22 Pagesnumerous parks, hiking trails, walking paths and enjoys a temperate climate with little snow accumulation and mild summer temperatures. Poor nutrition is likely a key contributor with 16 percent of residents classified as food insecure. The County has the lowest access to healthy foods with 8 percent of people living in urban areas where the nearest grocery store is more than a mile from their home. Access to convenience stores is slightly better. (University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute

Friday, December 13, 2019

War on Terror Research Paper Free Essays

string(70) " attacks were done by non-state actors, not Afghanistan’s own army\." War on Terror Do you ever have one of those moments in your life in which you will never forget where you were? I remember waking up early on September 11, 2001, getting ready for school and my dad telling me hurry up to watch the news with him. Being in 8th grade at the time, the news really wasn’t something I would watch in the mornings so I knew it had to be something important. Then I saw it. We will write a custom essay sample on War on Terror Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now An airplane crashing into a tower, people panicking, and mayhem ensuing in a city very well known to me. When any tragic event like 9/11 occurs, the effect it will have on a nation is tremendous. It left America in shock, anger, and sadness just to name a few adjectives to describe the insurmountable amount of feelings that we felt on that day. With America being such a powerful nation, after recovering from the attack the next ideal step would be to seek retaliation, right? Well on October 7th 2001, the war in Afghanistan began marking the first step in the War on Terror. The 9/11 tragedy was very devastating to the American morale and our sense of security. America being so powerful and strong it may be logical to see how we had a false sense of security when it came to attacks on us. I mean, who would really want to attack one of the strongest nations on Earth? No other nation in their right mind would, right? Wrong. When those two planes hit our towers and another hitting the pentagon we were slapped with a reality check. We weren’t as safe as we thought we were. To add onto things, on September 18th and October 9th, 2001, we were hit by the anthrax attack that killed five and injured seventeen Americans. Something had to be done about this. We shouldn’t be letting other nations attack us like this. So George W. Bush began the War on Terror. The single person who took responsibility for these attacks on America is the notorious Osama Bin Laden. Bin Laden founded the jihadist terrorist organization known as al-Qaeda at around 1988 to late 1989. The al-Qaeda, which translates into â€Å"The Base,† is well known for the September 11th attacks on the United States, but is also responsible for the 1998 US embassy bombings as well as the 2002 bombings in Bali. The war on terror started with America going on the offensive against al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. With Osama bin laden becoming the most wanted criminal in the United States, f not the entire world, other countries would join in our attempt to dismantle the al-Qaeda and their usage of Afghanistan as a home base. Australia, United Kingdom, and the united afghan front became our allies in the war in Afghanistan. These nations would launch Operation Enduring Freedom. While Operation Enduring Freedom was mainly targeting Afghanistan, it also had many subordinate operatio ns. Along with Afghanistan, there were operations in the Philippines, Horn of Africa/Somalia, Pankisi Gorge, Trans Sahara, Caribbean and Central America, and Kyrgyzstan. The terrorist regimes were placed all over the world and the nations fighting terrorism found it necessary to assist these other countries in eliminating those hostile forces in their territory. Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines is a currently active mission to fight the terrorist forces of Abu Sayyaf and Jemaah Islamiyah. Abu Sayyaf is an Islamist separatist group that was residing around the southern islands of the Republic of the Philippines while Jamaah Islamiyah is a militant Islamic terrorist group that was spread out through Southeast Asia in Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, parts of Thailand, and the Philippines. This operation is still ongoing and has tallied 17 US soldier casualties with gt;315 enemies killed, including Abu Sayyaf leader Janjalani. Another one of the Operation Enduring Freedom missions was the Horn of Africa (Northeast Africa/Somali Peninsula). This mission was dedicated to stopping terrorism and piracy in the Horn of Africa. The United States lost 29 due to non-combat fatalities, but so far have been able to kill 149-160 insurgents, 67-78 pirates, and captured around 1000 pirates. This mission is still ongoing since October 7th, 2002. There was also another operation held in Africa referred to as Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara. A 500 million budget was approved for the Trans-Saharan Counterterrorism Initiative (TSCTI) that would be spent over a six-year span to support those countries that were facing threats from the al-Qaeda. These countries were primarily Chad, Algeria, Senegal, Nigeria, Morocco, Mali, and Mauritania. Along with the attempts to thwart terrorism, the TSCTI were also focusing on drug and weapon trafficking. One of the main points of this specific mission was to train these 10 nations with the ecessary skills and equipment to combat these problems on their own. The last two Operation Enduring Freedom missions are â€Å"Caribbean and Central America† and Kyrgyzstan. The Caribbean and Central American mission has forces deployed in El Salvador, Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad amp; Tobago, Belize, Honduras, and Costa Rica. The US Air Force at Manas International Airport primarily runs the operation in Kyrgyzstan near the capitol Bishkek. Now onto the main mission in Operation Enduring Freedom, the War in Afghanistan. The main reason behind this war was to dismantle the al-Qaeda organization and stopping them from using Afghanistan as their base. The United States would also go on to state that they were attempting to take the Taliban out of power and create a nation with a more democratic government. This war began on October 7th, 2001, and is still ongoing today making it the United States longest running war. â€Å"Article 51 permits a victimized state to engage in ‘individual or collective self-defense’ until recourse has been taken by the Security Council to establish peace† (Maogoto, 2003). The reason that this war was criticized so much was because people felt that bombing and attacking Afghanistan was not self-defense because the 9/11 attacks were done by non-state actors, not Afghanistan’s own army. You read "War on Terror Research Paper" in category "Free Research Paper Samples" Either way, President George W. Bush was given authorization by Congress to go ahead and begin the war against Afghanistan on September 18th 2001, when a legislation called â€Å"Authorization for Use of Military Forces Against Terrorists,† was passed. With the War in Afghanistan being the longest war that the US has run, it is understandable that there are many losses. In our coalition there were 3,097 killed with 2,031 of them being from the United States, over 23,500 wounded, and 1 missing/captured. Of the contractors hired, there were 1,143 killed and over 15,000 wounded. The Afghan Security Forces lost 10,086+ and the Afghan Northern Alliance lost over 200. As for the opposing forces, there was no real reliable estimate, but the Taliban forces were estimated to be around 25,000 strong. One of the more shocking numbers to be brought up in losses is how many civilians were killed during the attacks. A rough estimate of civilian casualties is 12,500 – 14,700. While there were many causes for the civilian casualties, the majority of the losses came from the airstrikes and improvised explosives by the insurgents. The civilian deaths caused a lot of tension between the foreign countries and Afghanistan government causing President Karzai to summon his foreign military commanders to tell them â€Å"his people’s patience was wearing thin† (BBC, 2007). Even though there were many losses suffered by all participants and those civilians, there was a huge victory for the United States on May 2nd, 2011. This was the day that al-Qaeda leader, Osama Bin Laden, was finally shot and killed by the US forces in Pakistan (BBC, 2011). They would later confirm the death through DNA tests This could have also been another one of those â€Å"you’ll never forget where you were† events for many seeing how he caused so much damage with the 9/11 attacks. The next war to start after Operation Enduring Freedom began was the Iraq war. The reasons behind this war have been extremely debated and discussed since it started. The official factors were listed in the â€Å"Iraq Resolution. † Here are some of the reasons to invade Iraq (President George W. Bush, 2002): * Members of al-Qaeda, the ones responsible for attacks on the US, were residing in Iraq. * Iraq paid bounties to suicide bomber’s families. * Iraq was brutally repressing their civilian population. * Iraq was not complying with the 1991 ceasefire agreement while also interfering with U. N. weapons instructors. * Iraq was â€Å"continuing to aid and harbor other international terrorist organizations,† that also included anti-United States terrorist organizations. * Turkey, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia wanted Saddam out of power in Iraq and feared what he may do. Those were listing only a few reasons, but another big factor in the Iraq War was that Saddam Hussein did not stop producing weapons of mass destruction in 2003 after the Duelfer Report revealed that information. In 1991, Hussein’s WMD capability was essentially destroyed by sanctions to restore Iraq’s economy to a more stable condition. On October 21, 2011, Obama announced, â€Å"After nearly 9 years, America’s war in Iraq will be over. † The last troops to leave Iraq were leaving by January 1st, 2012, and that the troops in Afghanistan would start to come home as well. A big problem that these wars caused for America, aside from the casualties, was how much money was spent. A lot of people look at the War on Terror and the Iraq War as the main reasons the American economy has taken a huge dive the last decade or so. From 2001 through 2011 the Afghanistan war cost the United States about $433 billion dollars (Bingham, 2012). The Iraq war has cost about $806 billion dollars so far, but Obama has said it may cost over $1 trillion dollars when it is all over (Krutzleben, 2011). However, with all these wars not completely wrapped up, the final price of war could be as high as $4. 4 trillion dollars when all is told (costofwar. org, 2012). War affects every country involved, but specifically the veterans who participated and contributed to the war. It would only seem logical that those countries that have had veterans deployed and fight for their nation should be taking care of them as best they can. From the veterans who came back from the Iraq war, 20. 3% of active soldiers and 42. 4% of reserve soldiers required mental health treatment (Milliken, 2007). The total numbers of those diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder from the Iraq and Afghanistan war is about 30% of the 834,463 who were in those wars (Reno, 2012). These numbers were only the veterans that were treated by the V. A. (Veteran’s Association) hospitals, so there could actually be more who have not looked for further treatment after returning. With some of these numbers rising as more soldiers are returning from the wars, this would mean the V. A. hospitals would need to hire more mental health professionals to deal with the influx in PTSD cases continuing to go up. The V. A. has increased their mental health investments by more than 1/3rd in the last three years. They have â€Å"hired more than 4,000 mental health professionals† and in April 2012 have announced they will add 1,600 more professionals, totaling their mental health staff to 22,000 (Reno, 2012). War has never been a good thing and there is never one side that is completely victorious when you consider how many people are killed on each side, civilians included. After the 9/11 attacks on the United States it would be hard to simply let that go unpunished, something HAD to be done. As unpopular war is in the United States, there was a lot of support from the nation as a whole. I personally found it hard for there to be some type of peaceful way to come to an agreement with a terrorist organization so I also supported the war. The cost of these wars have been devastating to our economy though and a lot of people thought we were in these places for too long trying to do too much. Overall, it’s really hard to judge whether these wars have been a success. It’s really a matter of opinion and how a person wants to analyze the results. I can only hope that we defend our nation much better, that all the troops come back, and that they receive the care they all deserve. We are doing our veterans a great disservice if we cannot properly accommodate them for life after war. Bibliography Bilmes, L. (2006, February). The economic costs of the iraq war: An appraisal threeyears after the beginning of the conflict. Retrieved fromhttp://www. nber. org/papers/w12054. pdf? new_window=1 Bingham, A. (2012, May). Afghanistan War by the Numbers: Lives Lost, Billions Spent. Retrieved from http://abcnews. go. om/Politics/OTUS/billions-dollars-thousandslives-lost-afghanistan-war/story? id=16256292#. UIRxJmk4WA0 Faiz, S. (2006, March 17). A timeline of the iraq war. Retrieved fromhttp://thinkprogress. org/report/iraq-timeline/? mobile=nc Hoven, R. (2012, September 6). An iraq war every year. Retrieved fromhttp://www. americanthinker. com/blog/2012/09/an_iraq_war_every_year. html Iraq War Veterans. (2004, July). Iraq veterans against t he war. Retrieved fromhttp://www. ivaw. org/ Kellner, D. (2004, December). Bring ’em on: Media and politics in the iraq war. Retrieved fromhttp://books. google. com/books? l=en;amp;lr=;amp;id=10BiGSdCyVQC;amp;oi=fnd;amp;pg=R7;amp;dq=iraq war;amp;ots=DpgUR6Ohbz;amp;sig=cb0_JxEuXqNrmyLL2WQEWCNLFY Kurtzleben, D. (2011, December). What Did the Iraq War Cost? More Than You Think. Retrieved from http://www. usnews. com/news/articles/2011/12/15/what-did-theiraq-war-cost-more-than-you-think Milliken, C. (2007, Novemeber 14). Longitudinal assessment of mental health problemamong active and reserve component soldiers returning from the iraq war. Retrieved from http://jama. jamanetwork. com/article. aspx? articleid=209441 Montopoli, B. (2011, October 21). Obama announces end of iraq war, troops to returnhome by year end. Retrieved from http://www. cbsnews. com/8301-503544_16220123800-503544/obama-announces-end-of-iraq-war-troops-to-return-home-by-year-end/ Rainie, L. (n. d. ). The internet and the iraq war. Retrieved fromhttp://www. pewinternet. org/~/media/Files/Reports/2003/PIP_Iraq_War_Report. pdf. pdf Reno, J (2012, October) Nearly 30% of Vets Treated by V. A. Have PTSD Retrieved fromhttp://www. thedailybeast. com/articles/2012/10/21/nearly-30-of-vets-treated-by-va-have-ptsd. html War in iraq. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. iraq-war. ru/ Wilson, R. (2005). 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